• 专利附录
  • 专利说明
  • 权利要求
  • 类似技术
  • 同族专利
  • 引用文献
  • 法律状态
  • 优先权
    • 专利摘要:
    The invention relates to a film (1) comprising at least one first, in a visible spectral range transparent layer (2) of at least one plastic material and at least a second, at least one grid (4) or network having layer (3), wherein the at least one grid (4) or net is coated with a material having an emissivity between 0.1 and 0.5, in particular a metallic material (6), and / or is formed from metal, the grid (4) or mesh openings (5) wherein a ratio of an area of all openings (5) of the grid (4) or net to a total area of the grid (4) or net between 0.20 and 0.70, in particular between 0.40 and 0.60, is particularly preferred between 0.45 and 0.55.
    公开号:AT520293A4
    申请号:T50849/2017
    申请日:2017-10-04
    公开日:2019-03-15
    发明作者:
    申请人:Formfinder Software Gmbh；
    IPC主号:
    专利说明:

    The invention relates to a film comprising at least a first, in a visible spectral range transparent layer of at least one plastic material and at least a second, at least one grid or mesh layer having at least one grid or mesh with a material having an emissivity between 0.1 and 0.5, in particular a metallic material, coated and / or is formed of metal, wherein the grid or mesh has openings.
    Buildings can emit heat in the form of heat radiation, primarily in the infrared range, above their façades, especially in the area of windows against the night sky. This has the consequence that it can lead to an unwanted, strong cooling of buildings. Since the heat radiation takes place mainly in the area of windows, however, any structural protection measures must take into account that there should also be a permeability for daylight. In addition, any structural protection measures should also be suitable for use on the outside of a building, as this is the most efficient protection can be achieved.
    It is therefore an object of the present invention to provide optimum protection against heat loss while ensuring transparency to daylight.
    This object is achieved by a film of the type mentioned in the present invention, that a ratio of an area of all openings of the grid or network to a total area of the grid or network between 0.20 and 0.70, in particular between 0.40 and 0.60 , more preferably between 0.45 and 0.55.
    The solution according to the invention is characterized by a very low emissivity, so that heat losses due to radiation in the infrared range can be greatly reduced. On the other hand, despite the reduction of the emissivity, the present invention can achieve high transmittance of light.
    In a preferred variant of the invention it can be provided that the at least one first layer has a layer thickness between 1 pm and 3 103 pm and the at least one second layer has a layer thickness between 10 pm and 3 103 pm.
    It has proved to be particularly advantageous with regard to the use of the film according to the invention for the realization of a facade element that the at least one second layer has a tensile strength of between 50 N / mm 2 and 100 k / mm 2.
    Good corrosion resistance and insensitivity to weathering effects can be achieved by coating the grid or mesh with a layer of the metallic material, the layer thickness of this layer being between 5 μm and 1.5 mm 3.
    According to an advantageous embodiment, it can be provided that the at least one second layer in an infrared region has an emissivity of less than or equal to 0.7, in particular between 0.1 and 0.6, particularly preferably between 0.15 and 0.5 having.
    A preferred variant, which is characterized by a particularly low emissivity, is that the grid or mesh made of aluminum or coated with aluminum or a layer of graphene or an ITO layer.
    An advantageous development can be provided that the grid or network at least partially made of carbon fibers, bioplastics and / or mineral fibers, in particular basalt fibers, and / or glass fibers and / or plastic, in particular polyurethane and / or polyvinyl chloride and / or polyester and / or Ara-midfasern, is produced. According to one embodiment, the grid or
    Net can on a first side with the material having the emissivity between 0.1 and 0.5, in particular the, in particular the metallic material coated and not on a first side opposite the second side with the material with the emissivity between 0.1 and 0.5, in particular the metallic material, be coated.
    In a variant of the invention, the grid or mesh can be coated on the second side with a color layer.
    According to a preferred variant of the invention, it may be provided that the at least one first layer has at least one further layer on a surface facing the at least one second layer or on a surface facing away from the at least one second layer which has an emissivity in the infrared range less than or equal to 0.5, in particular between 0.1 and 0.4, particularly preferably between 0.15 and 0.2.
    It has proven particularly favorable if the at least one further layer has a thickness of between 0.001 pm and 500 pm.
    It has proven to be particularly advantageous if the at least one first layer has a transmittance between 0.40 and 0.99, in particular between 0.8 and 0.95 in a visible spectral range.
    For a better understanding of the invention, this will be explained in more detail with reference to the following figures.
    In each case, in a highly simplified, schematic representation:
    Fig. 1 is a plan view of a film according to the invention and
    2 shows a layer structure of the film from FIG. 1.
    By way of introduction, it should be noted that in the differently described embodiments, the same parts are provided with the same reference numerals or the same component names, wherein the disclosures contained in the entire description can be mutatis mutandis to the same parts with the same reference numerals or component names. Also, the location information chosen in the description, such as top, bottom, side, etc. related to the immediately described and illustrated figure and these position information in a change in position mutatis mutandis to transfer to the new location.
    According to FIGS. 1 and 2, a film 1 according to the invention comprises a first layer 2 made of a plastic material which is transparent in a visible spectral range and a second layer 3 having a grid 4 or mesh. The terms grid and mesh are understood in the present context in addition to grid and net-like structures and also tissue, braid-like or occasional structures. In the following, for reasons of easier readability, the term grating is used to represent all the structures just mentioned. The layer 3 is preferably bonded to the layer 2 by lamination, gluing, hot-sealing. Additionally or alternatively, the at least one second layer 3 can also be printed on the first layer 2. For example, it is possible to directly print the grid 4 onto the first layer 2 or a substrate of the second layer 3 by means of a printer, in particular a digital printer. The same applies mutatis mutandis to the coating of the grid 4 or the application of all other layers mentioned in this document. Of course, it is also possible to produce the grid 4 or the entire second layer 3 by means of a 3D printer. In addition, it should be noted that it is also possible to produce the entire film 1 by means of a 3D printing process.
    The grid 4 may, as shown in Figure 2 coated with a metallic material 6 or be formed of metal. The grid 4 has openings 5 which are delimited by fibers, fiber bundles or webs of the grid 4. A ratio of a sum of the areas of all openings 5 of the grating 4 to a total area of the grating 4 is between 0.20 and 0.70, in particular between 0.40 and 0.60, particularly preferably between 0.45 and 0.55. A ratio of 0.5 has proved particularly favorable, ie. h., That the half of the surface of the grid 4 is formed by openings 5. Light striking the surface of the layer 3 is transmitted to the layer 2 in the region of the openings 5. In the
    Areas of the grid 4, which are not formed by openings 5, no light is transmitted hung. The ratio of the sum of all openings 5 to the total area of the grid 4 corresponds to a degree of coverage of the layer 3. The degree of coverage of the layer 3 is a measure of how much of the light incident on the layer 3 reaches the layer 2. At the same time, the degree of coverage represents a measure of the emissivity of layer 3.
    The layer 2 preferably has a transmittance between 0.40 and 0.99, in particular between 0.8 and 0.95 in a visible spectral range. Visible light occurring on the layer 2 can thus largely penetrate the layer 2.
    Polychlorotrifluoroethylene (PCTFE), ethylene-chlorotrifluoroethylene fluorocopolymer (ECTFE), ethylene-tetrafluoroethylene copolymer (ETFE) or polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE) are preferably used to prepare layer 2.
    The layer 2 may, for example, have a layer thickness d1 of between 1 .mu.m and 3.times.103 .mu.m, while the second layer 3 may have a layer thickness d.sub.2 of between 10 .mu.m and 3.times.103 .mu.m. The smaller the layer thicknesses, the greater the flexibility of the film 1. Larger layer thicknesses, however, go hand in hand with a higher mechanical strength of the film 1. The strength of the film 1 is primarily determined by the grid 4. Particularly preferably, the second layer 3 has a tensile strength of between 50 N / mm 2 and 100 N / mm 2.
    The grid 4 may be made of plastic, in particular polyurethane or polyvinyl chloride. In addition, the grid 4 may be coated with a layer of a material having an emissivity between 0.1 and 0.5, for example, the metallic material 6, wherein a layer thickness d3 of this layer, for example, between 0.1 pm and 1.5 103 pm can lie. The layer 6 may also be a graphene or an indium tin oxide layer (ITO layer). Particularly preferably, the metallic material 6 is aluminum. Due to its very low emissivity, aluminum is very well suited to the realization of
    Layer 3, which in a built-in state represents a preferably outwardly facing and in the case of a facade element facing away from the building layer. The second layer 3 may have an emissivity in an infrared range of less than or equal to 0.7, in particular between 0.1 and 0.6, particularly preferably between 0.15 and 0.5. Alternatively to a coating of the grid 4 with the metallic material 6, however, the grid 4 may also be formed entirely of this material. In addition, it is possible for a first material, for example an iron alloy, to be used to form the grid 4, and the grid formed from the first material to be coated with a second metallic material, for example aluminum.
    In addition, the grid 4 may be coated only on a first side 7 with the metallic material 6, while the grid 4 is not coated on one of the side 7 opposite second side 8 with the metallic material 5. If necessary, the side 8 can be coated with a color layer 9.
    The layer 2 can be coated on a surface facing the layer 3 or on a surface facing away from the layer 3 with a layer 10 which has an emissivity in the infrared range, in particular in an average wavelength between 3 pm and 10 pm infrared range, an emissivity smaller or equal to 0.5, in particular between 0.1 and 0.4, particularly preferably between 0.15 and 0.2. The layer 10 can be formed for example by a thin aluminum layer, which is vapor-deposited on the layer 3. Alternatively, the layer 10 may also be formed of graphene or ITO. The layer 10 preferably has a thickness d4 between 0.001 pm and 500 pm. The layer 10 may additionally be provided with a corrosion protection layer.
    It should be noted at this point that any variations of the structure according to the invention are possible. For example, the layer 2 may also have a coating corresponding to the coating 10 on a surface facing the layer 3. Also, other layers, not shown here, in particular in the visible spectral range, may also be attached to the layer 3. For example, a layer corresponding to the layer 2 could be applied to the layer 3, so that the layer 3 comes to rest between two similar or similar layers 2.
    The film 1 of the invention is characterized by good mechanical strength, high resistance to corrosion and weathering and low radiation losses in the infrared range. The film 1 is not only suitable for use as a facade cladding element for buildings, but can also serve as a material for any purpose, for example, for any form of cover for weather protection, especially tarpaulins used. Also, the film 1 of the invention can be used for the production of special or functional clothing in the work and leisure sector. All statements of value ranges in the present description should be understood to include any and all sub-ranges thereof, e.g. is the statement 1 to 10 to be understood that all sub-areas, starting from the lower limit 1 and the upper limit 10 are included, ie. all sub-areas begin with a lower limit of 1 or greater and end at an upper limit of 10 or less, e.g. 1 to 1.7, or 3.2 to 8.1, or 5.5 to 10.
    For the sake of order, it should finally be pointed out that for a better understanding of the construction, elements have been shown partially unevenly and / or enlarged and / or reduced in size.
    LIST OF REFERENCES 1 film 2 layer 3 layer 4 grating 5 opening 6 material 7 page 8 page 9 Color layer 10 layer
    权利要求:
    Claims (12)
    [1]
    claims
    1. A film (1) comprising at least one first, in a visible spectral range transparent layer (2) made of at least one plastic material and at least one second, at least one grid (4) or network comprising layer (3), wherein the at least one grid (4 ) or network is coated with a material having an emissivity between 0.1 and 0.5, in particular a metallic material (6), and / or is formed from metal, wherein the grid (4) or network has openings (5), characterized in that a ratio of an area of all openings (5) of the grid (4) or net to a total area of the grid (4) or net between 0.20 and 0.70, in particular between 0.40 and 0.60, especially preferably between 0.45 and 0.55.
    [2]
    2. A film according to claim 1, characterized in that the at least one first layer (2) has a layer thickness (d1) between 1 pm and 3 103 pm and the at least one second layer (3) has a layer thickness (d2) between 10 pm and 4 103 pm.
    [3]
    3. A film according to claim 1, characterized in that the at least one second layer (3) has a tensile strength between 20 N / mm2 and 100 N / mm2.
    [4]
    4. A film according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that the grid (4) or network with a layer of the material having the emissivity between 0.1 and 0.5, in particular metallic material (6) are coated, wherein a layer thickness (d3) of this layer is between 5 pm and 1.5 103 pm.
    [5]
    5. A film according to any one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that the at least one second layer (3) in an infrared range, in particular in a middle infrared range of 3 pm to 15 pm, an emissivity less than or equal to 0.7, in particular between 0.1 and 0.6, more preferably between 0.15 and 0.5.
    [6]
    6. A film according to any one of claims 1 to 5, characterized in that the grid (4) or mesh made of aluminum or coated with aluminum or a layer of graphene or an ITO layer.
    [7]
    7. A film according to any one of claims 1 to 6, characterized in that the grid (4) or network at least partially made of carbon fibers, bioplastics and / or mineral fibers, in particular basalt fibers, and / or glass fibers and / or plastic, in particular polyurethane and / or polyvinyl chloride and / or polyester and / or aramid fibers.
    [8]
    8. A film according to any one of claims 1 to 7, characterized in that the grid (4) or network on a first side (7) with the material with the emis- sivity between 0.1 and 0.5, in particular the metallic material (6) coated, and on one of the first side opposite the second side (8) is not coated with the material having the emissivity between 0.1 and 0.5, in particular metallic material (6).
    [9]
    9. A film according to claim 8, characterized in that the grid (4) o the network on the second side (8) with a color layer (9) is coated.
    [10]
    10. A film according to any one of claims 1 to 9, characterized in that the at least one first layer (2) on one of the at least one second layer (3) facing surface or on one of the at least one second layer (3) facing away from surface with at least a further layer (10) is coated, which has an emissivity in an infrared range less than or equal to 0.5, in particular between 0.1 and 0.4, particularly preferably between 0.15 and 0.2.
    [11]
    11. A film according to claim 10, characterized in that the at least one further layer (10) has a thickness (d4) between 0.001 pm and 500 pm.
    [12]
    12. A film according to any one of claims 1 to 11, characterized in that the at least one first layer (2) has a transmittance between 0.40 and 0.99, in particular between 0.8 and 0.95 in a visible spectral range.
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    同族专利:
    公开号 | 公开日
    AT520293B1|2019-03-15|
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    引用文献:
    公开号 | 申请日 | 公开日 | 申请人 | 专利标题
    DE19813314A1|1998-03-26|1999-09-30|Kurz Leonhard Fa|Stamping foil, especially hot stamping foil|
    DE102013106827A1|2013-06-28|2014-12-31|Leonhard Kurz Stiftung & Co. Kg|Method for producing a multilayer body and multilayer body|
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    US20050014429A1|2003-07-16|2005-01-20|Ruediger Tueshaus|Wire mesh panel and method|
    JP2007200922A|2006-01-23|2007-08-09|Fujifilm Corp|Optical filter translucent electromagnetic wave shielding film of plasma display and optical filter|CN110818926A|2019-10-21|2020-02-21|深圳市超导新材料有限公司|Graphene/polymer composite conductive film and preparation method thereof|
    法律状态:
    优先权:
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    PCT/AT2018/060228| WO2019068121A1|2017-10-04|2018-10-01|Film|
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